What to Use Instead of PGP

· 2min

I read Soatok’s What To Use Instead of PGP and it is still the clearest “stop using PGP” guide I have seen. The Latacora piece from 2019 covers the why; this one is the what—a practical swap list for the jobs people keep trying to force onto OpenPGP.

The short version: for almost every common use case, there is a purpose-built tool that does not make cryptographers leave the room.

If you wanted PGP for…Use this instead
Signing packages / releasesSigstore (or minisign / SSH signatures until your ecosystem catches up)
Signing Git tags and commitsSSH signatures with Ed25519
Sending files between computersMagic Wormhole (or SSH + rsync)
Encrypted backupsTarsnap, Borg, Kopia, and friends
Encrypting application dataTink or libsodium
Encrypting filesage (or rage in Rust)
Private messagingSignal
Encrypted emailDon’t. Prefer Signal—or if the medium must be email, encrypt the payload with age and attach it

A few notes that stuck with me:

  • Sigstore is aimed at supply-chain safety with ephemeral certs, not long-lived keys and Web-of-Trust theater. Python already gets this via PEP 740 / Trusted Publishers.
  • age is what file encryption looks like when you design for AEAD, memory-hard password KDFs, and versioned protocols instead of decades of cipher agility and CAST5 baggage.
  • Encrypted email is mostly security theater: default-plaintext, forward-insecure, metadata in the clear, and one well-meaning CC can blow the whole thing up. Signal has no plaintext mode; that is the bar.
  • If a regulation forces PGP on you, you are stuck with lawyers, not cryptography—and that is a different problem.

Soatok is blunt on purpose. Softspokenness has not worked for a decade-plus. Experts are not divided here.

Worth a read if you still reach for GnuPG by habit. The better tools are already here.